WIP: Add StaticGeometryType

This encodes all the information of a GeometryType as template parameters. Some remarks on the implementation:

• This may be a solition for using GeometryTypes a template paremters.
• All methods in Dune::GeometryTypes:: have analogouges in Dune::StaticGeometryTypes:: and additional template aliases for parametrized types. Hence you can e.g. use Simplex.
• There is LocalHybridGeometryTypeIndex which works like LocalGeometryTypeIndex but supports GeometryType and StaticGeometryType.
• Some topologyIds are different: If you want to overload for specific StaticGeometryTypes, you must be sure that the same geometry type leads to the same type. Hence topologyIds are normalize to have 0 in the first bit.
• One may consider using uniqueTopologyId = (topologyId >> 1) as template parameter instead to get rid of the nasty non-uniqueness.

For now this is a non-intrusive proposal for discussion and thus marked WIP.

One could also merge Dune::StaticGeometryTypes into Dune::GeometryTypes:: and LocalHybridGeometryTypeIndex into LocalGeometryTypeIndex. This would change some dynamic types to static ones. However, this should not be a problem since each StaticGeometryType can be converted into its dynamic counterpart.