[Typetraits][Compatibility] Provide partial backwards compatibility for is_indexable on old GCC versions

Older GCC versions have some nasty bugs related to SFINAE and indexing
with operator[]. This patch adds a configuration check for those
problems and a partial backwards compatibility hack for those older
compilers that is sufficient for our current use case in the VTK
writer.

GCC 4.4, I'm looking at you

We simply get the flags from ACX_PTHREAD.  If we are compiling natively, we
run a test program to check whether that worked.  Otherwise we print a warning
and assume that threading works.

With the removal of the fall-back code for many C++11 features
like shared_ptr or hash, we no longer need Boost in
dune-common.
If your model has relies on a boost check, add the call to
the buildsystem of your module. The Dune-islt commit
…3ee92f05012 is an example what must be done.

"Makefile.in", "*.o", etc. need only be listed in the toplevel .gitignore, the
rules are applied recursively.

Test programs etc. should be listed as "/program" in their directory's
.gitignore, so they are not accidentially ignored in a lower level directory.

Macro to use C++11 feature noexcept specifier.
Add test for CMake and autotools.

There is more macro magic to be removed.

With GCC 4.4 or newer HAVE_INTEGRL_CONSTANT, HAVE_STD_HASH, and
HAVE_TYPE_TRAITS is always 1, no further testing necessary.
The test defines will be removed after the next Dune release.

This was used for backwards compatibility only.

As we have bumped our compiler requirements to GCC 4.4+, we can now
require the compiler to support C++11.

This patch updates both the autotools and the CMake tests to produce an
error if the compiler doesn't support either -std=c++11 or -std=c++0x.

It also renames the tests from ..0X to ..11 and renames the configure
options from --disable-gxx0xcheck to --disable-cxx11check and removes a
couple of redundant calls to the autotools macro.

Arne Morten Kvarving authored 10 years ago and Christoph Grüninger committed 10 years ago

dune_deprecated_cppflags.m4 was removed in 2a4965d9
CheckSharedPtr.cmake was removed in 7205583c

Its call was removed from dune_mpi.m4 back in 2012.

Deprecate header and macro dune_static_assert.
Use static_assert instead.

They cased compiler warnings.

This patch adds an AutoTools test that tests whether the compiler
supports the 'final' keyword.  It defines the DUNE_FINAL preprocessor
macro, which expands to 'final' if the keyword is supported, and
is empty otherwise.

With this patch autotools now creates the file
<dune-module>-config-version.cmake mit autotools. To facilitate this
we added the variables DUNE_MOD_{MAJOR,MINOR,REVISION} to the makefiles.

Improve comments.

Previously, the macros were installed to $(datadir)/aclocal. As we have
some macros in DUNE that are also installed for some Linux distributions
this caused conflicts in package managers. With this patch we install
them to $(datadir)/dune/aclocal to resolve this issue outlined in flyspray
task 1409
https://dune-project.org/flyspray/index.php?do=details&task_id=1409